Thursday, 1 March 2012

FOAMED LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE


                   
                        FOAM CERAMICS      LANDFILL  COVER
  FOAM ADHESIVE, COATING, FIREFIGHTING FOAM
   

                  GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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An Allied brochure on Foamed Concrete is Available for Downloading in .pdf Form -
Recent News
1. For 3 consecutive years (2009 - 2011) Allied Foam Tech has been awarded by USCA as the best chemical machinery & equipment manufacturer in Montgomeryville, Pennsylvania.
2. With specific cement compositions, foamed cement with Allied foam products can reach extremely low densities (2-3 pcf or 30-50 kg/m3) with insulative "R" values of  3.0 - 4.0. The material is non-flammable and does not generate smoke upon firing.
3. In early September, 2009 Allied Foam Tech became the only foam company with its products specified by the City of Ann Arbor, Michigan to all contractors as the performance standard for foamed concrete (Reference ITB-4046).
 Foamed concrete or lightweight concrete derived from Allied's aqueous foams are suitable for both precast and cast-in-placeapplications. Some of the highly insulative cementitious foams at densities 48 kg/m3(3 pcf) to 645 kg/m3(40 pcf) or higher can be used as block fills, lightweight roof deck and void-fill materials. Good strength characteristics with reduced weight make lightweight concrete based on Allied's aqueous foams  suitable for structural and semi-structural applications such as lightweight partitions, wall and floor panels, and lightweight blocks. Cementitious foams derived from Allied's premium systems are suitable for thin layer coating applications where specific performance criteria are required.
Foamed concrete and foamed cement made with Allied's foam have very fine pore structure, unlike that made with conventional proteinaceous and surfactant foams. The pore structure of Allied's foams hardly show any sign of deterioration as the density of the foamed cement decreases to below 160 kg/m3 (10 pcf). At densities below 160 kg/m3, the pore texture of foamed cement derived from conventional foam agents becomes so coarse that most of them show severe structural collapse.
The dynamic nature of Allied foam systems allows different foam rheology to be incorporated into the host cement/concrete matrix to satisfy a wide range of slump loss requirements.
The inert nature of Allied foam systems makes them  compatible with different kinds of aggregates,  fillers, extenders,  retarders, accelerators, colorants, hydraulic inorganics and many other additives.
HIGHLIGHTS ON ALLIED’S WORK WITH HIGHLY INSULATIVE CEMENTITIOUS FOAM (DEMSITY = 2 - 3 PCF OR 30 - 50 KG/M3)
non-flammable, no smoke upon burning, no drying shrinkage, high "R" value (3.0 - 4.0)
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
3 pcf (50 kg/m3) cementitious foam  trowelled vertically on plywood (2.3 inches thick)
 3 pcf (50 kg/m3) cementitious foam   towelled vertically on brick surface (2.5 inches thick)

HIGHLIGHTS ON ALLIED’S WORK WITH FOAMED DECORATIVE STONES, BLOCKS AND FOAMED PANELS
(WE PROVIDE FOAM PRODUCTS, FOAM MACHINERY AND TECH SERVICE IN PROCESS & MIX DESIGNS)
Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) was introduced  in Europe over half a century ago as a lightweight construction material. The key features AAC has over conventional foamed concrete are significantly better strength and lower shrinkage/cracking. However, most of the attempts over the last few decades to introduce AAC to the US either failed or hardly made any signifcant impact to the construction industry. The million of dollars of capital investment needed for the manufacture of AAC over the conventional precast plant is just one of the many reasons reported in the literature.
Freshly prepared decorative stone panels with low shrinkage and non-cracking features are shown below:
3.6 feet x 2.6 feet (1.1 meters x 0.8 meters)
Total weight = 28 pounds or 12.7 kg.
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
(the blue center block was acid-etched showing the blue decorative sand texture underneath)
Dimensions of individual panel = 22" x 8" w. thickness of 0.25"-1.25" (0.56meter x 0.2meter w. thickness of 1.6cm-3.2cm)
(weight per panel = 3.5 pounds (1.6 kg.)
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
Freshly prepared cement/aggregate bricks/blocks derived from Allied's specialty foams with high slump loss may even be extrudable and thus amenable for mass production. A freshly cast foam brick at  37 pcf (600 kg/m3) without using any mould is shown below:
 Freshly Made Foam Cement Brick w. High Slump Loss (density = 37 pcf)Extruded Foam Cement/Ltwt Aggregate Composite (density = 40 pcf, compressive strength =   660 psi (4.6 MPa))Instantly Demolded Cement/Ltwt Aggregate Composite (density = 31 pcf,    compressive strength   =     460 psi (3.2 MPa))
(a mould-free cast)(low pressure extrusion)(demolded in < 1 minute)
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete

HIGHLIGHTS ON ALLIED’S WORK WITH GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND SLOPED ROOF DECK
Composites with Allied’s premium foamed cement/high slump-loss/high strength 35 pcf foamed cement allows greater and simpler landscape architecture and roof deck designs not achievable by any conventional cellular concrete.
A. conventional cellular concrete - conventional 35 pcf LDCC (Low Density Cellular Concrete)  with shaved expanded polystyrene blocks.
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete Very limited slope negotiation for conventional cellular concrete – less than ½ inch drop per 10  feet span.
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete Geofoam/styrofoam blocks of various sizes/shapes are needed to create artificial slopes.
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete Labor intensive and slow process.
B. New and flexible designs with Allied’s high slump-loss foamed cement
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete,landscape architecture Highly sloped landscape with > 1 feet drop per 10 feet span can easily be achieved.
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete,landscape architecture The use of Geofoam/styrofoam blocks is significantly reduced or totally eliminated.
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete,landscape architecture Labor savings and faster process.
                                                  foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
High Slump Loss Foamed Cement/Lightweight Aggregate Composites with Low  Shrinkage at a Dry Density of  35-50 pcf (565 - 806 kg/m3)
foamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concrete
> 2.5 feet drop per 10 feet span (1V/4H)Full Size Air Conditioner Pad From High Slump Loss/Low Shrinkage Foamed Cement Composite
         (dry density = 35 pcf)         (dry density = 48  pcf)

         Field Application of High Slump Loss Foamed Cement Composite on Sloped Geofoam -             Harvard University NorthWest Laboratories Project - High Slump Loss Foamed Concrete (through Allied's Tech Service, Products & Machinery) - Completed in December, 2007.
The 210,000 square foot above-ground portion of the facility (another 260,000 square feet will be below ground) will also face Hammond and Gorham Streets, complemented by a landscape designed by Michael Van Valkenberg Associates.
(Pre-project mockup work by Allied Foam Tech is shown below)
foamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concrete
Mixing & Pumping of HighApplying of High Slump LossFinished Foamed Cement CrownCross-section of
Slump Loss Foamed CementFoamed Cement on 1V/4H SlopeOn Highly Sloped GeofoamLandscape after ~ 1 year
Highly sloped industrial and residential roofdecks or roofings become possible with Allied's high slump-loss foamed cement product and mix design.
lightweight roof deck,foamed concrete Allied's stable foam with high slump loss can be applied directly on corrugated metal sheets of new or repaired roofs without foam dewatering and possible water leakage to the interior structure of the floors underneath while such problems have always been associated with conventional cellular concrete roof decks.
lightweight roof deck,foamed concrete Using Allied’s 35pcf/10 pcf foamed cement composite as roof deck structure will achieve the right combination of thermal insulation and light weight like conventional cellular concrete/styrofoam blocks but with appreciable labor and time savings and the flexibility in roof deck designs with varied shapes and contours not achievable before.
Comparison of Roof Deck Composites from Allied's Foamed Cement Composite & Conventional Foamed Cement/Expanded Polystyrene Board Composite.
Allied's 35 pcf/10 pcf Foamed Cement Composite Conventional 35 pcf Foamed Cement w. EPS Boards
lightweight roof deck,foamed concrete   lightweight roof deck,foamed concrete 
 Georgetown University Sports Field, Washington D.C.
A unique roof deck project using Allied's foam products and foam generating equipment is shown by a recently  renovated sports field  on the
roof of an existing gymnasium - 120,000 square foot coverage with
foamed cement pumped 3 stories high and 500 feet across the field
(the weight limit, compressive, shear and other performance demand and its
 intended use made the project one of its kind in the US roof deck industry.)
Completed field with artificial turf covering the foamed cement roofdeck
foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
                                 Foam Sytem used in the above project - 
AFT-450 series at 40 pcf (645 kg/m3)
  Roof condition before    Roof  preparation        Material Setup    Equipment Setup
foamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concrete
 Pouring foam cement Foam cement roofdeck      Turf application  Gym under the deck
Foamed Concrete, Lightweight ConcreteFoamed Concrete,Lightweight Concretefoamed concrete,lightweight concrete

A BRIEF COMPARISON OF KEY PROPERTIES BETWEEN ALLIED'S    FOAM/AGGREGATE COMPOSITE AND AAC IS GIVEN BELOW: 
 Allied's Foam/Aggregate CompositeAutoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC)
Compressive Strength(relative to conventional foamed concrete)HighHigh
Shrinkage/Cracking (relative to conventional foamed concrete)LowLow
Water Absorption (relative to conventional foamed concrete)Lowest in the industry
                               High                              (see the figure on lower right)
Window for Concrete Processing AdditivesCompatible w. various concrete additives, processing aids and pigmentationMostly incompatible due to its aggressive steam curing condition
Foam Density AvailableFrom 5 pcf to > 90 pcf
 Mostly in the 30 to 50 pcf range     (due to the limitation in its foaming process & steam curing efficiency)
Method of ProductionPrecast, cast-in-place & extrusion (with specific mix design & slump loss)Precast only
Capital InvestmentSimilar to a conventional precast plant
Millions of $ over a conventional precast  plant

Allied's stable foam products, low water/cement ratio with high range water reducer, and the synergistic use of various lightweight aggregates and other proprietary additives  have allowed foamed concrete that matches the compressive strength of  AAC with low shrinkage and crack-free. A recent client claims that the use of Allied's foam products allows their lightweight precast outperform all others in the market.
STRENGTH & WATER RESISTANCE PROFILE AT 30 - 60 PCF (480 - 970 Kg/M3) -Loadbearing (low rise), semi-structural & non-loadbearing.
 foamed concrete,lightweight concrete foamed concrete,lightweight concrete
 28 DAYS STRENGTH PROFILE AT 55 - 80 PCF (890 - 1,290 Kg/M3) - loadbearing andsemi-structural.
(The following data are derived from mix designs that may have different slump loss characteristics from that at 30 - 60 pcf)
Density (Air Dry)Compressive Strength
    (pcf)   (Kg/M3)(psi)(MPa)
        56        900      1,200         8.2
        65     1,040      1,480       10.2
        69     1,110      1,700       11.7
        74     1,190      2,300       15.9
        76     1,240   > 2,500    > 17.2
COMPOSITES  AT 10 - 20 PCF (160 - 320 Kg/M3) - non-loadbearing & insulative.
(WE PROVIDE FOAM PRODUCTS, FOAM MACHINERY AND TECH SERVICE IN PROCESS & MIX DESIGNS)
Even at densities as low as 10 pcf, the strength development of Allied's foam/lightweight aggregate composites allows <24 hours demolding time while still maintaining good handling characteristics (all three blocks shown below were demolded in 18-24 hours and were immediately saw-cut to proper size)
lightweight concrete,foamed concrete
                          10 pcf  (160 Kg/M3)      15 pcf  (240 Kg/M3)       18 pcf  (290 Kg/M3
PANELS AND BLOCKS BASED ON ALLIED'S FOAM &   LIGHTWEIGHT  AGGREGATE MIXES
foamed concrete,lightweight concretelightweight concrete,foamed concrete
45 pcf            36 pcf           46 pcfCross Seection of Foam/Aggregate Panel
lightweight concrete,foamed concretelightweight concrete,foamed concrete
Foam/Aggregate Blocks 35-45 pcf   (565 - 726 Kg/M3)
PERFORMANCE
Some Performance Features of Concrete and Cement  Incorporating  Allied's Foam Systems:
  Consistent and fine pore texture at different densities
  Low water uptake
  Hight early and 28 day compressive strengths
  Good thermal and acoustic properties
  Wide range of rheological, adhesive and thin-set properties
         24 HOURS STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT OF AFT FOAMED CEMENT IN VARIOUS MIXES
   lightweight concrete,foamed concretelightweight concrete,foamed concrete
The excellent stability of Allied's foam products is demonstrated in the following pictures of lightweight cement and concrete:
 
Foamed Cement
Using Allied AFT-400
Density = 0.24 g/cc (15 pcf)
Foamed Cement
Using Proteinaceous Foam
Density = 0.24 g/cc (15 pcf)
lightweight_concrete, foamed_concretelightweight_concrete, foamed_concrete
fine porescoarse pores 
                                                                   
 
 Foamed Cement CylinderFoamed Cement  Cylinder     
Foamed Concrete        (density=75 pcf)      Foamed Concrete      (density=75 pcf)  (density=30 pcf)        Allied AFT-400(density=30 pcf)Proteinaceous Foam 
(high early strength cement formulation)(high early strength cement formulation)
   Allied AFT-300  Proteinaceous Foam  no foam collapsesevere foam collapse
lightweight_concrete, foamed_concrete uniform & fine texture      lightweight_concrete, foamed_concrete  non-uniform & coarse texture      lightweight_concrete, foamed_concretelightweight_concrete, foamed_concretecollapsed foam
lightweight_concrete, foamed_concrete
Strength Development and Water Uptake of Foamed Cement 
Allied foams are compatible with different kinds of cement, fly ash, sand/aggregate fillers, retarders, accelerators and water reducers. The AFT-400 series of foam reagents provide cement and concrete with very low water uptake. Cementitious foams at densities as low as one tenth (1/10) that of dense concrete will still maintain lower than 15% (by volume) water uptake in a 24 hour water immersion test.
The following table shows some typical strength and water uptake characteristics of a lightweight cement formulation using Allied AFT-400:
FOAMED CEMENT FORMULATION WITH AFT-400  - Strength Development and Water Uptake
   Density of Foamed Cement (in gram/cm3)Compressive Strength24 hour Water Uptake
After 24 HoursAfter 28 Days   (volume/volume)
0.74 (oven dried)468 psi825 psi< 5 %
(3.25 Mpa)(5.3 Mpa)

(WE PROVIDE FOAM PRODUCTS, FOAM MACHINERY AND TECH SERVICE IN PROCESS & MIX DESIGNS)
APPLICATIONSlightweight Architectural Precast
                                                             click for larger view  click for larger view       click for larger view
  slope building  
  low water uptake 
  controlled hydration  
  high early and final strength
 
Lightweight_Concrete_RoofdeckLightweight_Concrete_Roofdeck  
Roofdeck Composite -    Top ViewRoofdeck Composite -  Cross-Section     Foamed Lightweight Concrete Roofdeck
                                                                                                                
  tilt-up or vertical cast (save labor, time and
    space)  
  thermal and acoustic properties 
  high early and final strengths
Partition - On site castingFoamed concrete Partition
                                            
  fire resistance  
  high thermal
    insulation 
  efficient production
    with consistent 
    quality
Lightweight_Cinder_block_fill  
Cinder blocks filled with cement foam  at density < 10 pcf Block filling processFilled Cinder blocks on racks before curing On site block fill

                                                                                                       click for larger view                    click for larger view
  good thermal and acoustic properties    
  low water uptake    
  easy to work with using common tools

  
Lightweight_Concrete_block
Foamed Blocks-PrecastFoamed Panels - Precast

                                                                                                                         click for larger view              click for larger view
  good thermal and acoustic properties    
  load bearing and lightweight    
  easy to work with using common tools
        Lightweight_wall_floor_panels
Wall Panel - PrecastWall & Floor Panels

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